$2.76 Million is the total value of Eidelman Virant Capital's 1474 reported holdings in Q2 2019. The portfolio turnover from Q1 2019 to Q2 2019 was 100.0% .
| Value | Shares | ↓ Weighting | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LSXMA | New | LIBERTY MEDIA CORP SERIES A LIBERTY SIRIUS XM | $12,069,000 | – | 319,210 | +100.0% | 6.38% | – |
| AMZN | New | AMAZON.COM INC | $10,822,000 | – | 5,715 | +100.0% | 5.72% | – |
| SCHD | Buy | SCHWAB US DIVIDEND EQUITY ETFus dividend eq | $8,586,000 | +484.5% | 161,800 | +475.8% | 4.54% | +339.2% |
| NDLS | Sell | NOODLES & COMPANY CLASS A | $7,385,000 | +5.8% | 937,299 | -8.7% | 3.90% | -20.5% |
| GOOG | New | ALPHABET INC. CLASS Ccap stk cl c | $6,712,000 | – | 6,210 | +100.0% | 3.55% | – |
| CHDN | Sell | CHURCHILL DOWNS INC | $6,646,000 | -17.9% | 57,760 | -35.6% | 3.51% | -38.3% |
| MSGS | Buy | MADISON SQUARE GARDE CLASS Acl a | $6,459,000 | +5.6% | 23,073 | +10.5% | 3.41% | -20.7% |
| TDS | Buy | TELEPHONE & DATA SYS INC | $6,136,000 | +89.3% | 201,850 | +91.3% | 3.24% | +42.2% |
| FWONA | New | LIBERTY MEDIA CORP SERIES A LIBERTY MEDIA | $5,879,000 | – | 163,950 | +100.0% | 3.11% | – |
| RDI | Sell | READING INTERNATIONAL INCcl a | $5,792,000 | -21.0% | 446,300 | -2.8% | 3.06% | -40.7% |
| RLH | Sell | RED LION HOTELS CORP | $5,140,000 | -16.8% | 723,000 | -5.5% | 2.72% | -37.5% |
| DISH | Sell | DISH NETWORK CORP CLASS Acl a | $4,113,000 | -0.6% | 107,105 | -18.0% | 2.17% | -25.3% |
| STZ | New | CONSTELLATION BRAND CLASS Acl a | $3,884,000 | – | 19,725 | +100.0% | 2.05% | – |
| TA | New | TRAVELCENTERS AMERIC | $3,847,000 | – | 1,062,900 | +100.0% | 2.03% | – |
| AAPL | Sell | APPLE INC | $3,748,000 | -1.0% | 18,940 | -5.0% | 1.98% | -25.7% |
| BOTJ | Sell | JAMES FINANCIAL GRP | $3,734,000 | +6.8% | 253,033 | -0.7% | 1.97% | -19.7% |
| VIAB | New | VIACOM INC CLASS Bcl b | $3,664,000 | – | 122,675 | +100.0% | 1.94% | – |
| NFLX | Sell | NETFLIX INC | $2,855,000 | -21.0% | 7,773 | -23.4% | 1.51% | -40.7% |
| MU | Sell | MICRON TECHNOLOGY INC | $2,435,000 | -9.5% | 63,101 | -3.1% | 1.29% | -32.0% |
| Sell | FACEBOOK INC CLASS A | $2,416,000 | +15.3% | 12,521 | -0.4% | 1.28% | -13.4% | |
| Sell | SCOTTS MIRACLE GROUP | $2,349,000 | +4.7% | 23,850 | -16.5% | 1.24% | -21.4% | |
| ALLY | Sell | ALLY FINANCIAL INC | $2,318,000 | +10.3% | 74,815 | -2.2% | 1.22% | -17.1% |
| AIG | Sell | AMERICAN INTL GROUP | $2,170,000 | +16.6% | 40,740 | -5.8% | 1.15% | -12.4% |
| LMST | Buy | LIMESTONE BANCORP INC | $2,167,000 | +9.4% | 142,132 | +7.2% | 1.14% | -17.8% |
| CVS | Buy | CVS HEALTH CORP | $1,949,000 | +8.6% | 35,777 | +7.5% | 1.03% | -18.4% |
| LUV | New | SOUTHWEST AIRLINES | $1,865,000 | – | 36,740 | +100.0% | 0.98% | – |
| LXU | Buy | L S B INDUSTRIES INC | $1,794,000 | -35.3% | 460,214 | +3.5% | 0.95% | -51.4% |
| DVD | Sell | DOVER MOTORSPORTS INC | $1,757,000 | +2.5% | 844,805 | -0.5% | 0.93% | -23.1% |
| SCHX | Buy | SCHWAB US LARGE CAP ETFus lrg cap etf | $1,666,000 | +16.3% | 23,747 | +12.0% | 0.88% | -12.7% |
| FBSS | Sell | FAUQUIER BANKSHARES | $1,613,000 | +3.8% | 75,700 | -4.9% | 0.85% | -22.0% |
| GFED | Sell | GUARANTY FED BANCSHARES INC | $1,552,000 | -14.8% | 66,785 | -17.7% | 0.82% | -36.0% |
| MCFT | New | MASTERCRAFT BOAT HLD | $1,510,000 | – | 77,090 | +100.0% | 0.80% | – |
| LENB | Sell | LENNAR CORP CLASS Bcl b | $1,495,000 | -2.5% | 38,840 | -0.9% | 0.79% | -26.7% |
| LGFA | Buy | LIONS GATE ENTMT F CLASS Acl b non vtg | $1,421,000 | -18.1% | 116,000 | +4.5% | 0.75% | -38.5% |
| SEAC | Buy | SEACHANGE INTL INC | $1,407,000 | +67.3% | 984,000 | +55.5% | 0.74% | +25.5% |
| HAIN | HAIN CELESTIAL GROUP INC. | $1,300,000 | -5.3% | 59,400 | 0.0% | 0.69% | -28.9% | |
| CVLY | CODORUS VY BANCORP INC | $1,296,000 | +7.7% | 56,385 | 0.0% | 0.68% | -19.0% | |
| C | Sell | CITIGROUP INC | $1,269,000 | +1.0% | 18,134 | -10.2% | 0.67% | -24.0% |
| PSBH | PSB HOLDINGS INC | $1,257,000 | +4.4% | 52,956 | 0.0% | 0.66% | -21.6% | |
| SAL | Buy | SALISBURY BANCORP INC | $1,257,000 | -2.3% | 32,254 | +3.2% | 0.66% | -26.6% |
| REGI | New | RENEWABLE ENERGY GRP | $1,231,000 | – | 77,650 | +100.0% | 0.65% | – |
| NWL | Sell | NEWELL BRANDS INC | $1,199,000 | -5.6% | 77,800 | -6.0% | 0.63% | -29.0% |
| USAP | Sell | UNIVERSAL STAINLESS & ALLOY | $1,148,000 | -4.4% | 71,790 | -1.0% | 0.61% | -28.2% |
| AGM | Sell | FEDERAL AGRIC MTG CORPcl c | $1,140,000 | -7.6% | 15,696 | -7.9% | 0.60% | -30.6% |
| INAP | New | INTERNAP CORP | $1,127,000 | – | 374,500 | +100.0% | 0.60% | – |
| FSBW | Sell | FS BANCORP INC. | $1,089,000 | +1.6% | 20,995 | -1.2% | 0.58% | -23.7% |
| T | A T & T INC | $1,026,000 | +6.8% | 30,647 | 0.0% | 0.54% | -19.8% | |
| CNFR | Sell | CONIFER HOLDINGS INC | $1,019,000 | -20.8% | 255,620 | -10.3% | 0.54% | -40.6% |
| EAF | Sell | GRAFTECH INTERNATION | $989,000 | -48.8% | 86,000 | -43.0% | 0.52% | -61.5% |
| TPIC | Sell | T P I COMPOSITES INC | $970,000 | -14.4% | 39,275 | -0.8% | 0.51% | -35.6% |
| CAT | New | CATERPILLAR INC | $969,000 | – | 7,116 | +100.0% | 0.51% | – |
| BWB | Buy | BRIDGEWATER BANCSHARES I | $948,000 | +59.9% | 82,230 | +42.9% | 0.50% | +20.1% |
| New | TOWER SEMICONDUCTOR F | $946,000 | – | 60,000 | +100.0% | 0.50% | – | |
| CNOB | CONNECTONE BANCORP INC NEW | $900,000 | +14.9% | 39,750 | 0.0% | 0.48% | -13.6% | |
| UNH | New | UNITEDHEALTH GRP INC | $881,000 | – | 3,614 | +100.0% | 0.47% | – |
| PHYS | SPROTT PHYSICAL GOLD & Sunit | $843,000 | +6.6% | 63,791 | 0.0% | 0.44% | -20.0% | |
| KSU | New | KANSAS CITY SOUTHERN | $816,000 | – | 6,700 | +100.0% | 0.43% | – |
| IRT | INDEPENDENCE RLTY TR INC | $809,000 | +7.2% | 70,000 | 0.0% | 0.43% | -19.6% | |
| PFE | Sell | PFIZER INC | $779,000 | -10.9% | 18,000 | -12.6% | 0.41% | -33.0% |
| SBCF | New | SEACOAST BK CORP FLA | $763,000 | – | 30,000 | +100.0% | 0.40% | – |
| ICBK | Sell | COUNTY BANCORP INC | $758,000 | -3.2% | 44,408 | -0.3% | 0.40% | -27.2% |
| GOOGL | New | ALPHABET INC. CLASS Acap stk cl a | $756,000 | – | 699 | +100.0% | 0.40% | – |
| FBIZ | Sell | FIRST BUS FINL SVCS INC WIS | $750,000 | +14.7% | 31,924 | -2.4% | 0.40% | -13.9% |
| ALSK | ALASKA COMMUNICATIONS SYS GR | $701,000 | -10.9% | 410,000 | 0.0% | 0.37% | -33.2% | |
| WHLR | New | WHEELER REIT REIT | $691,000 | – | 497,187 | +100.0% | 0.36% | – |
| LOVE | Sell | LOVESAC CO | $688,000 | -13.8% | 22,160 | -22.8% | 0.36% | -35.1% |
| JNJ | New | JOHNSON & JOHNSON | $676,000 | – | 4,858 | +100.0% | 0.36% | – |
| BRG | BLUEROCK RESIDENTIAL REIT | $668,000 | +9.0% | 56,890 | 0.0% | 0.35% | -18.1% | |
| SLCT | Sell | SELECT BANCORP INC NEW | $646,000 | -37.7% | 56,477 | -38.1% | 0.34% | -53.2% |
| PZZA | Sell | PAPA JOHNS INTL INC | $626,000 | -77.3% | 14,000 | -73.1% | 0.33% | -82.9% |
| MBCN | New | MIDDLEFIELD BANC CO | $625,000 | – | 15,255 | +100.0% | 0.33% | – |
| HXL | New | HEXCEL CORP | $610,000 | – | 7,550 | +100.0% | 0.32% | – |
| IRIX | Sell | IRIDEX CORP | $590,000 | -7.7% | 129,787 | -7.4% | 0.31% | -30.5% |
| DAL | Sell | DELTA AIR LINES INC | $558,000 | -27.2% | 9,850 | -33.7% | 0.30% | -45.3% |
| MIND | New | MITCHAM INDUSTRIES | $542,000 | – | 137,275 | +100.0% | 0.29% | – |
| CIO | CITY OFFICE R E I T INCO REIT | $526,000 | +5.8% | 43,950 | 0.0% | 0.28% | -20.6% | |
| HHS | Buy | HARTE-HANKS INCORPOR | $524,000 | -31.5% | 238,300 | +11.2% | 0.28% | -48.5% |
| MPB | Sell | MID PENN BANCORP INC | $520,000 | -1.1% | 20,842 | -3.1% | 0.28% | -25.7% |
| SCHF | New | SCHWAB INTERNATIONAL EQUITY ETFintl eqty etf | $519,000 | – | 16,197 | +100.0% | 0.27% | – |
| NRZ | Sell | NEW RESIDENTIAL INVE REIT | $496,000 | -9.7% | 32,250 | -0.8% | 0.26% | -32.1% |
| PCYO | Sell | PURECYCLE CORP | $488,000 | -36.1% | 46,111 | -40.5% | 0.26% | -52.0% |
| NAVI | NAVIENT CORP | $477,000 | +18.1% | 35,000 | 0.0% | 0.25% | -11.3% | |
| ESXB | Buy | COMMUNITY BANKERS TR | $472,000 | +110.7% | 55,728 | +81.4% | 0.25% | +57.6% |
| EMN | New | EASTMAN CHEMICAL CO | $466,000 | – | 6,000 | +100.0% | 0.25% | – |
| NBN | NORTHEAST BANCORP | $462,000 | +33.5% | 16,775 | 0.0% | 0.24% | +0.4% | |
| CRM | New | SALESFORCE COM | $451,000 | – | 2,975 | +100.0% | 0.24% | – |
| DIS | New | WALT DISNEY CO | $437,000 | – | 3,135 | +100.0% | 0.23% | – |
| AMNB | New | AMERICAN NATL BANKSH | $420,000 | – | 10,839 | +100.0% | 0.22% | – |
| FDP | FRESH DEL MONTE PRODUCE INCord | $404,000 | -0.2% | 15,000 | 0.0% | 0.21% | -25.3% | |
| TSQ | New | TOWNSQUARE MEDIA INC CLASS Acl a | $387,000 | – | 72,100 | +100.0% | 0.20% | – |
| MRVL | Sell | MARVELL TECHNOLOGY GROUP LTDord | $358,000 | -81.4% | 15,000 | -84.5% | 0.19% | -86.1% |
| BRKB | New | BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY CLASS Bcl b new | $354,000 | – | 1,661 | +100.0% | 0.19% | – |
| XOM | New | EXXON MOBIL CORP | $349,000 | – | 4,564 | +100.0% | 0.18% | – |
| SCHE | Buy | SCHWAB EMERGING MARKETS EQUITY ETFemrg mkteq etf | $339,000 | +8.3% | 12,922 | +7.4% | 0.18% | -18.6% |
| FWONK | New | LIBERTY MEDIA CORP SERIES C LIBERTY MEDIA | $336,000 | – | 9,000 | +100.0% | 0.18% | – |
| OPBK | Sell | O P BANCORP | $285,000 | +15.9% | 26,381 | -6.4% | 0.15% | -12.7% |
| PEBO | New | PEOPLES BANCORP WASH | $282,000 | – | 10,100 | +100.0% | 0.15% | – |
| HON | New | HONEYWELL INTL INC | $253,000 | – | 1,450 | +100.0% | 0.13% | – |
| RRGB | New | RED ROBIN GRMT BURGR | $244,000 | – | 8,000 | +100.0% | 0.13% | – |
| New | BP PLC | $226,000 | – | 5,425 | +100.0% | 0.12% | – | |
| PLYM | New | PLYMOUTH INDUSTRIAL R E REIT | $223,000 | – | 11,800 | +100.0% | 0.12% | – |
| HD | New | HOME DEPOT INC | $224,000 | – | 1,080 | +100.0% | 0.12% | – |
| OLP | New | ONE LIBERTY PPTYS INC REIT | $215,000 | – | 7,450 | +100.0% | 0.11% | – |
| CSFL | New | CENTERSTATE BANK COR | $204,000 | – | 8,900 | +100.0% | 0.11% | – |
| DAR | New | DARLING INGREDIENTS | $198,000 | – | 10,000 | +100.0% | 0.10% | – |
| ISD | New | PGIM HIGH YIELD FUND A | $191,000 | – | 34,813 | +100.0% | 0.10% | – |
| CONN | New | CONNS INC | $178,000 | – | 10,000 | +100.0% | 0.09% | – |
| SSFN | Sell | STEWARDSHIP FINL CO | $174,000 | -80.1% | 11,300 | -88.1% | 0.09% | -85.1% |
| DMAC | New | DIAMEDICA THERAPEUTICS F | $173,000 | – | 35,000 | +100.0% | 0.09% | – |
| XAN | New | EXANTAS CAPITAL CORP | $169,000 | – | 15,000 | +100.0% | 0.09% | – |
| SSBI | New | SUMMIT STATE BANK | $154,000 | – | 14,000 | +100.0% | 0.08% | – |
| CHAPQ | New | CHAPARRAL ENERGY, IN CLASS A | $141,000 | – | 30,000 | +100.0% | 0.08% | – |
| VER | New | VEREIT INC REIT | $117,000 | – | 13,000 | +100.0% | 0.06% | – |
| MNIQQ | New | MCCLATCHY CO HLDG CLASS Acl a new | $109,000 | – | 42,000 | +100.0% | 0.06% | – |
| EVGN | New | EVOGENE LTD F | $102,000 | – | 63,600 | +100.0% | 0.05% | – |
| USAK | New | U S A TRUCK INC | $101,000 | – | 10,000 | +100.0% | 0.05% | – |
| New | MIDSTATES PETROLEUM | $100,000 | – | 17,075 | +100.0% | 0.05% | – | |
| CPTA | New | CAPITALA FIN CO | $94,000 | – | 10,000 | +100.0% | 0.05% | – |
| PPR | New | VOYA PRIME RATE CFsh ben int | $90,000 | – | 19,000 | +100.0% | 0.05% | – |
| ICCC | New | IMMUCELL CORP | $91,000 | – | 14,000 | +100.0% | 0.05% | – |
| RMT | New | ROYCE MICRO CAPITAL CF | $91,000 | – | 11,160 | +100.0% | 0.05% | – |
| CDOR | New | CONDOR HOSPITALITY TRUST | $90,000 | – | 10,000 | +100.0% | 0.05% | – |
| ATTO | Sell | ATENTO SA F | $87,000 | -85.8% | 35,000 | -79.4% | 0.05% | -89.3% |
| ORN | New | ORION GROUP HOLDINGS | $80,000 | – | 30,000 | +100.0% | 0.04% | – |
| ARLO | New | ARLO TECHNOLOGIES INC | $80,000 | – | 20,000 | +100.0% | 0.04% | – |
| USATP | New | USA TECHNOLOGIES INCconv pfd ser a | $74,000 | – | 10,000 | +100.0% | 0.04% | – |
| KODK | New | EASTMAN KODAK CO | $72,000 | – | 30,000 | +100.0% | 0.04% | – |
| BKD | New | BROOKDALE SENIOR LIV | $72,000 | – | 10,000 | +100.0% | 0.04% | – |
| SUP | New | SUPERIOR INDUSTRIES | $69,000 | – | 20,000 | +100.0% | 0.04% | – |
| SWN | New | SOUTHWESTERN ENERGY | $63,000 | – | 20,200 | +100.0% | 0.03% | – |
| AXTI | New | AXT INC | $59,000 | – | 15,000 | +100.0% | 0.03% | – |
| HPR | New | HIGHPOINT RESOURCES CORP | $36,000 | – | 20,000 | +100.0% | 0.02% | – |
| UQM | New | UQM TECHNOLOGIES INC | $33,000 | – | 20,000 | +100.0% | 0.02% | – |
| NAK | New | NORTHERN DYN MINERL F | $15,000 | – | 25,000 | +100.0% | 0.01% | – |
| DFRG | Exit | DEL FRISCOS RESTAURANT GROUP | $0 | – | -35,000 | -100.0% | -0.16% | – |
| QMCO | Exit | QUANTUM CP DLT & STO | $0 | – | -130,000 | -100.0% | -0.22% | – |
| Exit | MITCHAM INDUSTRIES | $0 | – | -83,625 | -100.0% | -0.23% | – | |
| PPBI | Exit | PACIFIC PREMIER BANC | $0 | – | -14,266 | -100.0% | -0.27% | – |
| FFNW | Exit | FIRST FINL NORTHWEST | $0 | – | -28,276 | -100.0% | -0.31% | – |
| FNDF | Exit | SCHWAB FUNDAMENTAL INL LARGE COM ETFschwb fdt int lg | $0 | – | -15,527 | -100.0% | -0.34% | – |
| FSS | Exit | FEDERAL SIGNAL CORP | $0 | – | -20,000 | -100.0% | -0.36% | – |
| Exit | HOMETOWN BANKSHARES | $0 | – | -37,946 | -100.0% | -0.38% | – | |
| TBBK | Exit | BANCORP INC DEL | $0 | – | -79,348 | -100.0% | -0.45% | – |
| LGFB | Exit | LIONS GATE ENTMT F CLASS Bcl b non vtg | $0 | – | -42,500 | -100.0% | -0.45% | – |
| OIIM | Exit | O2MICRO INTERNATIONAL LTDspons adr | $0 | – | -409,157 | -100.0% | -0.49% | – |
| WHLRP | Exit | WHEELER REIT REITcv pfd ser b | $0 | – | -470,898 | -100.0% | -0.49% | – |
| WLH | Exit | LYON WILLIAM HOMES CLASS Acl a new | $0 | – | -49,750 | -100.0% | -0.54% | – |
| KINS | Exit | KINGSTONE COS INC | $0 | – | -53,588 | -100.0% | -0.56% | – |
| Exit | OLIN CORP | $0 | – | -35,000 | -100.0% | -0.57% | – | |
| AMTB | Exit | MERCANTIL BANK HOLDING C CLASS Acal a new | $0 | – | -61,000 | -100.0% | -0.60% | – |
| IDSY | Exit | ID SYSTEMS INC | $0 | – | -167,305 | -100.0% | -0.70% | – |
| TSEM | Exit | TOWER SEMICONDUCTOR F | $0 | – | -61,200 | -100.0% | -0.71% | – |
| FEI | Exit | FIRST TRUST MLP AND ENER | $0 | – | -97,960 | -100.0% | -0.79% | – |
| RVT | Exit | ROYCE VALUE CF | $0 | – | -94,330 | -100.0% | -0.91% | – |
| Exit | BARNES & NOBLE | $0 | – | -364,600 | -100.0% | -1.39% | – | |
| INAPQ | Exit | INTERNAP CORP | $0 | – | -417,500 | -100.0% | -1.46% | – |
| TRV | Exit | TRAVELCENTERS AMERIC | $0 | – | -1,084,600 | -100.0% | -3.14% | – |
Original filings
The following EDGAR filing(s) were analyzed to create this report:
- View 13F-HR filed 2019-07-22
Top long-term holdings
| Name | Quarters owned | Latest quarter owned | Max weighting |
|---|---|---|---|
| TELEPHONE & DATA SYS INC | 38 | Q3 2022 | 5.5% |
| MICRON TECHNOLOGY INC | 38 | Q3 2022 | 7.4% |
| READING INTL CLASS A | 38 | Q3 2022 | 5.2% |
| SCHWAB US DIVIDEND EQUITY ETF | 38 | Q3 2022 | 4.5% |
| AT&T INC | 38 | Q3 2022 | 3.4% |
| SALISBURY BANCORP INC | 38 | Q3 2022 | 1.4% |
| CODORUS VY BANCORP INC | 38 | Q3 2022 | 2.1% |
| FIRST BUSINESS FINL | 38 | Q3 2022 | 1.7% |
| APPLE INC | 37 | Q3 2022 | 5.9% |
| JAMES FINL GRP | 36 | Q3 2022 | 2.5% |
View Eidelman Virant Capital's complete holdings history.
Latest significant ownerships (13-D/G)
| Filed | Shares | Percentage | |
|---|---|---|---|
| BANK OF THE JAMES FINANCIAL GROUP INC | February 02, 2022 | 246,848 | 5.2% |
| Wheeler Real Estate Investment Trust, Inc. | February 02, 2022 | 680,000 | 6.9% |
| Red Lion Hotels CORP | February 08, 2018 | 1,305,981 | 5.5% |
| Conifer Holdings, Inc. | February 13, 2017 | 493,461 | 6.5% |
| HARTE HANKS INC | February 13, 2017 | 3,576,600 | 5.8% |
| KINGSTONE COMPANIES, INC. | February 09, 2015 | 492,227 | 6.8% |
| BRITTON & KOONTZ CAPITAL CORPSold out | February 12, 2014 | 0 | 0.0% |
| First Business Financial Services, Inc. | February 11, 2013 | 80,534 | 3.0% |
View Eidelman Virant Capital's complete significant-ownership history.
Latest filings
| Type | Filed |
|---|---|
| 13F-HR | 2022-10-25 |
| 13F-HR | 2022-07-19 |
| 13F-HR | 2022-04-12 |
| SC 13G | 2022-02-02 |
| SC 13G | 2022-02-02 |
| 13F-HR | 2022-02-01 |
| 13F-HR | 2021-10-08 |
| 13F-HR | 2021-07-19 |
| 13F-HR | 2021-04-20 |
| SC 13G | 2021-01-27 |
View Eidelman Virant Capital's complete filings history.
All filings
- Holdings (13F-HR)
- Significant ownership (13-D/G)
- Insider transactions (4, 5, 6)
- Events (8-K)
- Shareholder votes (proxy)
View complete filings history.