$3.44 Billion is the total value of CUSHING ASSET MANAGEMENT, LP dba NXG INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT's 124 reported holdings in Q3 2018. The portfolio turnover from Q2 2018 to Q3 2018 was 35.8% .
Value | Shares | ↓ Weighting | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ETP | Sell | ENERGY TRANSFER PARTNERS LPunit ltd prt int | $282,665,000 | +15.1% | 12,698,328 | -1.6% | 8.22% | +10.0% |
EPD | Buy | ENTERPRISE PRODS PARTNERS L | $214,330,000 | +7.9% | 8,782,829 | +22.4% | 6.23% | +3.1% |
KMI | Buy | KINDER MORGAN INC DEL | $207,897,000 | +52.1% | 11,725,704 | +51.6% | 6.04% | +45.4% |
WMB | Buy | WILLIAMS COS INC DEL | $185,002,000 | +138.1% | 6,804,040 | +137.4% | 5.38% | +127.5% |
OKE | Buy | ONEOK INC NEW | $177,265,000 | +31.7% | 2,614,917 | +35.6% | 5.15% | +25.8% |
TRGP | Sell | TARGA RES CORP | $172,175,000 | -4.3% | 3,057,626 | -15.9% | 5.01% | -8.5% |
MPLX | Buy | MPLX LP | $150,869,000 | +2.8% | 4,350,306 | +1.2% | 4.39% | -1.7% |
PAA | Buy | PLAINS ALL AMERN PIPELINE Lunit ltd partn | $102,441,000 | +9.3% | 4,095,992 | +3.3% | 2.98% | +4.5% |
DCP | Buy | DCP MIDSTREAM LP | $101,823,000 | +2.6% | 2,571,946 | +2.5% | 2.96% | -2.0% |
ET | Sell | ENERGY TRANSFER EQUITY L P | $100,737,000 | -28.1% | 5,779,526 | -28.8% | 2.93% | -31.2% |
ENLK | Buy | ENLINK MIDSTREAM PARTNERS LP | $100,048,000 | +32.9% | 5,367,395 | +10.7% | 2.91% | +27.0% |
NEP | Buy | NEXTERA ENERGY PARTNERS LP | $97,943,000 | +45.9% | 2,019,446 | +40.4% | 2.85% | +39.5% |
LNG | Buy | CHENIERE ENERGY INC | $89,710,000 | +7.1% | 1,290,972 | +0.5% | 2.61% | +2.4% |
PSXP | Buy | PHILLIPS 66 PARTNERS LP | $88,198,000 | +2.6% | 1,724,637 | +2.5% | 2.56% | -1.9% |
AM | Buy | ANTERO MIDSTREAM PARTNERS LPunt ltd partn | $69,246,000 | +40.6% | 2,416,136 | +44.9% | 2.01% | +34.4% |
TGE | Buy | TALLGRASS ENERGY LP | $60,818,000 | +3930.4% | 2,579,222 | +3687.4% | 1.77% | +3743.5% |
PAGP | Buy | PLAINS GP HLDGS L Pltd partnr int a | $58,786,000 | +8.3% | 2,396,494 | +5.5% | 1.71% | +3.5% |
EQM | Buy | EQT MIDSTREAM PARTNERS LPunit ltd partn | $58,517,000 | +101.8% | 1,108,705 | +97.3% | 1.70% | +93.0% |
PBA | Buy | PEMBINA PIPELINE CORP | $56,359,000 | +12.6% | 1,658,096 | +14.6% | 1.64% | +7.7% |
CNXM | Buy | CNX MIDSTREAM PARTNERS LP | $54,557,000 | +46.0% | 2,834,104 | +47.1% | 1.59% | +39.5% |
ENLC | Buy | ENLINK MIDSTREAM LLC | $54,492,000 | +0.1% | 3,312,558 | +0.1% | 1.58% | -4.3% |
MMP | Sell | MAGELLAN MIDSTREAM PRTNRS LP | $52,032,000 | -15.3% | 768,337 | -13.6% | 1.51% | -19.0% |
NBLX | Buy | NOBLE MIDSTREAM PARTNERS LP | $49,034,000 | -11.8% | 1,384,744 | +27.1% | 1.43% | -15.7% |
AMGP | Sell | ANTERO MIDSTREAM GP LP | $47,296,000 | -16.7% | 2,795,243 | -7.2% | 1.38% | -20.4% |
WES | Sell | WESTERN GAS PARTNERS LP | $45,550,000 | -41.0% | 1,042,808 | -34.7% | 1.32% | -43.7% |
CEQP | Sell | CRESTWOOD EQUITY PARTNERS LPunit ltd partner | $45,206,000 | -16.0% | 1,230,100 | -27.4% | 1.31% | -19.7% |
ENBL | Buy | ENABLE MIDSTREAM PARTNERS LP | $44,546,000 | -1.5% | 2,645,265 | +0.1% | 1.30% | -5.9% |
SHLX | Buy | SHELL MIDSTREAM PARTNERS L Punit ltd int | $35,287,000 | +3.2% | 1,650,489 | +7.0% | 1.03% | -1.3% |
WGP | Buy | WESTERN GAS EQUITY PARTNERS | $29,660,000 | -10.3% | 990,634 | +7.2% | 0.86% | -14.2% |
EQGP | Buy | EQT GP HLDGS LP | $29,356,000 | -5.6% | 1,409,305 | +6.6% | 0.85% | -9.7% |
ARLP | ALLIANCE RES PARTNER L Put ltd part | $28,560,000 | +11.2% | 1,400,000 | 0.0% | 0.83% | +6.3% | |
GMLP | Sell | GOLAR LNG PARTNERS LP | $28,089,000 | -20.6% | 1,960,124 | -14.4% | 0.82% | -24.1% |
NGL | Buy | NGL ENERGY PARTNERS LP | $22,360,000 | -0.3% | 1,927,610 | +7.4% | 0.65% | -4.7% |
NS | Sell | NUSTAR ENERGY LP | $22,240,000 | -29.9% | 800,000 | -42.9% | 0.65% | -33.0% |
SMLP | Sell | SUMMIT MIDSTREAM PARTNERS LP | $16,847,000 | -14.5% | 1,178,085 | -8.0% | 0.49% | -18.3% |
CFX | New | COLFAX CORP | $13,979,000 | – | 387,657 | +100.0% | 0.41% | – |
CVI | Buy | CVR ENERGY INC | $13,165,000 | +40.6% | 327,313 | +29.3% | 0.38% | +34.4% |
GLOP | Sell | GASLOG PARTNERS LPunit ltd ptnrp | $13,144,000 | -0.6% | 525,755 | -5.2% | 0.38% | -5.0% |
VNOM | Sell | VIPER ENERGY PARTNERS LP | $12,291,000 | +19.6% | 291,954 | -9.3% | 0.36% | +14.1% |
BP | BP PLCsponsored adr | $11,503,000 | +1.0% | 249,520 | 0.0% | 0.33% | -3.7% | |
XPO | Sell | XPO LOGISTICS INC | $11,238,000 | +4.3% | 98,430 | -8.5% | 0.33% | -0.3% |
GLNG | Sell | GOLAR LNG LTD BERMUDA | $11,150,000 | -14.1% | 401,070 | -9.0% | 0.32% | -18.0% |
ETN | Buy | EATON CORP PLC | $10,922,000 | +23.7% | 125,930 | +6.6% | 0.32% | +18.7% |
URI | Sell | UNITED RENTALS INC | $10,829,000 | -3.0% | 66,189 | -12.5% | 0.32% | -7.4% |
CWEN | New | CLEARWAY ENERGY INCcl c | $10,645,000 | – | 552,992 | +100.0% | 0.31% | – |
HFC | New | HOLLYFRONTIER CORP | $9,851,000 | – | 140,923 | +100.0% | 0.29% | – |
RDSA | ROYAL DUTCH SHELL PLCspons adr a | $9,702,000 | -1.6% | 142,378 | 0.0% | 0.28% | -6.0% | |
VLO | Buy | VALERO ENERGY CORP NEW | $9,697,000 | +133.6% | 85,249 | +127.6% | 0.28% | +123.8% |
LYB | Buy | LYONDELLBASELL INDUSTRIES N | $9,663,000 | +117.5% | 94,267 | +133.1% | 0.28% | +108.1% |
PPL | Sell | PPL CORP | $9,519,000 | -3.1% | 325,317 | -5.4% | 0.28% | -7.4% |
VET | Buy | VERMILION ENERGY INC | $9,264,000 | +37.2% | 281,225 | +50.0% | 0.27% | +31.2% |
PE | Sell | PARSLEY ENERGY INCcl a | $8,812,000 | -8.3% | 301,248 | -5.1% | 0.26% | -12.3% |
KNX | Sell | KNIGHT SWIFT TRANSN HLDGS INcl a | $8,766,000 | -23.7% | 254,238 | -15.4% | 0.26% | -26.9% |
PSX | Buy | PHILLIPS 66 | $8,605,000 | +5.6% | 76,340 | +5.2% | 0.25% | +0.8% |
TRP | Sell | TRANSCANADA CORP | $8,367,000 | -7.6% | 206,800 | -1.4% | 0.24% | -12.0% |
XYL | Buy | XYLEM INC | $8,329,000 | +40.3% | 104,287 | +18.3% | 0.24% | +33.7% |
D | DOMINION ENERGY INC | $7,900,000 | +3.1% | 112,405 | 0.0% | 0.23% | -1.3% | |
KAAC | New | KAYNE ANDERSON ACQUISITION | $7,654,000 | – | 753,321 | +100.0% | 0.22% | – |
J | Sell | JACOBS ENGR GROUP INC DEL | $7,387,000 | -13.0% | 96,559 | -27.8% | 0.22% | -16.7% |
AY | Buy | ATLANTICA YIELD PLC | $7,257,000 | +288.3% | 352,615 | +280.7% | 0.21% | +270.2% |
DVN | Buy | DEVON ENERGY CORP NEW | $7,179,000 | +20.2% | 179,747 | +32.3% | 0.21% | +14.8% |
SUN | Buy | SUNOCO LP | $6,797,000 | +51.3% | 230,000 | +27.8% | 0.20% | +44.5% |
COG | Buy | CABOT OIL & GAS CORP | $6,586,000 | +66.0% | 292,445 | +75.4% | 0.19% | +58.7% |
CQP | Buy | CHENIERE ENERGY PARTNERS LP | $6,277,000 | +125.1% | 159,085 | +105.0% | 0.18% | +115.3% |
TELL | Buy | TELLURIAN INC NEW | $5,892,000 | +43.5% | 656,821 | +33.1% | 0.17% | +36.8% |
SEMG | Sell | SEMGROUP CORPcl a | $5,764,000 | -85.7% | 261,405 | -83.5% | 0.17% | -86.3% |
MPC | Buy | MARATHON PETE CORP | $5,627,000 | +41.9% | 70,360 | +24.5% | 0.16% | +35.5% |
FTI | Sell | TECHNIPFMC PLC | $5,618,000 | -28.6% | 179,777 | -27.5% | 0.16% | -31.8% |
PWR | Buy | QUANTA SVCS INC | $5,509,000 | +3.8% | 165,034 | +3.8% | 0.16% | -1.2% |
DM | New | DOMINION ENERGY MIDSTRM PRTN | $5,287,000 | – | 295,377 | +100.0% | 0.15% | – |
AR | Buy | ANTERO RES CORP | $5,229,000 | +38.9% | 295,284 | +67.4% | 0.15% | +32.2% |
ENB | Buy | ENBRIDGE INC | $5,115,000 | -5.0% | 158,400 | +4.9% | 0.15% | -9.1% |
DE | New | DEERE & CO | $4,988,000 | – | 33,178 | +100.0% | 0.14% | – |
NFX | Sell | NEWFIELD EXPL CO | $4,824,000 | -34.9% | 167,320 | -31.7% | 0.14% | -38.1% |
VNTR | New | VENATOR MATLS PLC | $4,512,000 | – | 501,322 | +100.0% | 0.13% | – |
XOGAQ | New | EXTRACTION OIL AND GAS INC | $4,417,000 | – | 391,223 | +100.0% | 0.13% | – |
KEX | Buy | KIRBY CORP | $4,310,000 | +21.9% | 52,403 | +23.9% | 0.12% | +15.7% |
UNP | New | UNION PAC CORP | $4,209,000 | – | 25,848 | +100.0% | 0.12% | – |
FRAC | Sell | KEANE GROUP INC | $4,168,000 | -53.5% | 336,977 | -48.6% | 0.12% | -55.7% |
WLK | New | WESTLAKE CHEM CORP | $4,115,000 | – | 49,517 | +100.0% | 0.12% | – |
MDRIQ | Buy | MCDERMOTT INTL INC | $3,979,000 | +19.6% | 215,909 | +27.6% | 0.12% | +14.9% |
PPLN | JPMORGAN CHASE FINL CO LLCcushing mlp 37 | $3,969,000 | +2.9% | 210,000 | 0.0% | 0.12% | -1.7% | |
OSK | Sell | OSHKOSH CORP | $3,909,000 | -6.2% | 54,867 | -7.4% | 0.11% | -10.2% |
EQT | EQT CORP | $3,857,000 | -19.8% | 87,200 | 0.0% | 0.11% | -23.3% | |
EOG | EOG RES INC | $3,781,000 | +2.5% | 29,636 | 0.0% | 0.11% | -1.8% | |
VMC | Buy | VULCAN MATLS CO | $3,767,000 | +31.0% | 33,879 | +52.0% | 0.11% | +26.4% |
WLL | New | WHITING PETE CORP NEW | $3,658,000 | – | 68,973 | +100.0% | 0.11% | – |
SU | SUNCOR ENERGY INC NEW | $3,603,000 | -4.9% | 93,130 | 0.0% | 0.10% | -8.7% | |
APY | Buy | APERGY CORP | $3,431,000 | +9.0% | 78,760 | +4.5% | 0.10% | +4.2% |
GDI | Buy | GARDNER DENVER HLDGS INC | $3,350,000 | +13.8% | 118,206 | +18.0% | 0.10% | +7.8% |
NEE | Sell | NEXTERA ENERGY INC | $3,228,000 | -11.2% | 19,258 | -11.5% | 0.09% | -15.3% |
TTE | TOTAL S Asponsored adr | $3,197,000 | +6.3% | 49,658 | 0.0% | 0.09% | +2.2% | |
SWK | STANLEY BLACK & DECKER INC | $3,139,000 | +10.3% | 21,437 | 0.0% | 0.09% | +4.6% | |
CJ | Sell | C&J ENERGY SVCS INC NEW | $3,095,000 | -70.7% | 148,808 | -66.8% | 0.09% | -72.0% |
DWDP | Sell | DOWDUPONT INC | $3,055,000 | -28.7% | 47,500 | -26.9% | 0.09% | -31.5% |
EMR | Sell | EMERSON ELEC CO | $2,840,000 | -76.1% | 37,080 | -78.4% | 0.08% | -77.1% |
WFTIQ | Sell | WEATHERFORD INTL PLC | $2,836,000 | -24.6% | 1,046,334 | -8.5% | 0.08% | -28.1% |
CVX | CHEVRON CORP NEW | $2,826,000 | -3.3% | 23,110 | 0.0% | 0.08% | -7.9% | |
ROK | Sell | ROCKWELL AUTOMATION INC | $2,765,000 | -36.7% | 14,744 | -43.9% | 0.08% | -39.8% |
DK | New | DELEK US HLDGS INC NEW | $2,752,000 | – | 112,819 | +100.0% | 0.08% | – |
PTEN | Buy | PATTERSON UTI ENERGY INC | $2,750,000 | +27.8% | 160,729 | +34.5% | 0.08% | +23.1% |
PXD | PIONEER NAT RES CO | $2,708,000 | -8.0% | 15,548 | 0.0% | 0.08% | -11.2% | |
PH | New | PARKER HANNIFIN CORP | $2,732,000 | – | 14,856 | +100.0% | 0.08% | – |
TRN | Sell | TRINITY INDS INC | $2,729,000 | -26.0% | 74,486 | -30.8% | 0.08% | -29.5% |
RUSHA | Sell | RUSH ENTERPRISES INCcl a | $2,513,000 | -21.7% | 63,919 | -13.6% | 0.07% | -25.5% |
OXY | OCCIDENTAL PETE CORP DEL | $2,425,000 | -1.8% | 29,507 | 0.0% | 0.07% | -5.3% | |
NBL | New | NOBLE ENERGY INC | $2,371,000 | – | 76,033 | +100.0% | 0.07% | – |
AGR | Buy | AVANGRID INC | $2,162,000 | +1.9% | 45,114 | +12.6% | 0.06% | -3.1% |
KMIPRA | KINDER MORGAN INC DELpfd ser a | $2,095,000 | -4.1% | 63,000 | 0.0% | 0.06% | -7.6% | |
LUV | Sell | SOUTHWEST AIRLS CO | $2,062,000 | -63.2% | 33,012 | -70.0% | 0.06% | -64.7% |
DSKE | Sell | DASEKE INC | $1,915,000 | -31.9% | 238,735 | -15.7% | 0.06% | -34.9% |
CAT | New | CATERPILLAR INC DEL | $1,830,000 | – | 12,000 | +100.0% | 0.05% | – |
JAG | Sell | JAGGED PEAK ENERGY INC | $1,672,000 | -30.3% | 120,876 | -34.4% | 0.05% | -32.9% |
NAV | New | NAVISTAR INTL CORP NEW | $1,453,000 | – | 37,745 | +100.0% | 0.04% | – |
WPX | WPX ENERGY INC | $1,328,000 | +11.6% | 66,000 | 0.0% | 0.04% | +8.3% | |
CDEV | Sell | CENTENNIAL RESOURCE DEV INCcl a | $1,121,000 | -77.9% | 51,316 | -81.7% | 0.03% | -78.6% |
CNQ | CANADIAN NAT RES LTD | $875,000 | -9.5% | 26,805 | 0.0% | 0.02% | -13.8% | |
APC | ANADARKO PETE CORP | $455,000 | -7.9% | 6,750 | 0.0% | 0.01% | -13.3% | |
TLP | TRANSMONTAIGNE PARTNERS L P | $373,000 | +4.5% | 9,700 | 0.0% | 0.01% | 0.0% | |
AMLP | New | ALPS ETF TRalerian mlp | $229,000 | – | 21,459 | +100.0% | 0.01% | – |
SNMP | SANCHEZ MIDSTREAM PARTNERS L | $142,000 | -39.8% | 20,000 | 0.0% | 0.00% | -42.9% | |
ROSEQ | New | ROSEHILL RES INCcl a | $76,000 | – | 12,460 | +100.0% | 0.00% | – |
DK | Exit | DELEK US HLDGS INC NEWcall | $0 | – | -48,000 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
AM | Exit | ANTERO MIDSTREAM PARTNERS LPcall | $0 | – | -20,000 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
EPD | Exit | ENTERPRISE PRODS PARTNERS Lcall | $0 | – | -1,328,000 | -100.0% | -0.01% | – |
BWP | Exit | BOARDWALK PIPELINE PARTNERScall | $0 | – | -721,500 | -100.0% | -0.02% | – |
ANDX | Exit | ANDEAVOR LOGISTICS LP | $0 | – | -27,052 | -100.0% | -0.04% | – |
HEES | Exit | H & E EQUIPMENT SERVICES INC | $0 | – | -40,896 | -100.0% | -0.05% | – |
BEP | Exit | BROOKFIELD RENEWABLE PARTNERpartnership unit | $0 | – | -53,191 | -100.0% | -0.05% | – |
SRE | Exit | SEMPRA ENERGY | $0 | – | -15,000 | -100.0% | -0.05% | – |
BASX | Exit | BASIC ENERGY SVCS INC NEW | $0 | – | -173,255 | -100.0% | -0.06% | – |
XEC | Exit | CIMAREX ENERGY CO | $0 | – | -19,302 | -100.0% | -0.06% | – |
CXO | Exit | CONCHO RES INC | $0 | – | -16,400 | -100.0% | -0.07% | – |
RSPP | Exit | RSP PERMIAN INC | $0 | – | -52,659 | -100.0% | -0.07% | – |
FE | Exit | FIRSTENERGY CORP | $0 | – | -70,000 | -100.0% | -0.08% | – |
AAL | Exit | AMERICAN AIRLS GROUP INC | $0 | – | -67,423 | -100.0% | -0.08% | – |
BA | Exit | BOEING CO | $0 | – | -8,127 | -100.0% | -0.08% | – |
UNVR | Exit | UNIVAR INC | $0 | – | -104,943 | -100.0% | -0.08% | – |
DUK | Exit | DUKE ENERGY CORP NEW | $0 | – | -35,000 | -100.0% | -0.08% | – |
ODFL | Exit | OLD DOMINION FGHT LINES INC | $0 | – | -18,716 | -100.0% | -0.08% | – |
MTW | Exit | MANITOWOC CO INC | $0 | – | -110,270 | -100.0% | -0.09% | – |
ES | Exit | EVERSOURCE ENERGY | $0 | – | -51,750 | -100.0% | -0.09% | – |
LBRT | Exit | LIBERTY OILFIELD SVCS INC | $0 | – | -166,796 | -100.0% | -0.10% | – |
CQH | Exit | CHENIERE ENERGY PTNRS LP HLD | $0 | – | -104,750 | -100.0% | -0.10% | – |
RES | Exit | RPC INC | $0 | – | -232,433 | -100.0% | -0.10% | – |
HUBG | Exit | HUB GROUP INCcl a | $0 | – | -83,851 | -100.0% | -0.13% | – |
PUMP | Exit | PROPETRO HLDG CORP | $0 | – | -271,836 | -100.0% | -0.13% | – |
CPE | Exit | CALLON PETE CO DEL | $0 | – | -424,181 | -100.0% | -0.14% | – |
NSH | Exit | NUSTAR GP HOLDINGS LLCunit restg llc | $0 | – | -458,900 | -100.0% | -0.17% | – |
NYLD | Exit | NRG YIELD INCcl c | $0 | – | -490,427 | -100.0% | -0.26% | – |
VLP | Exit | VALERO ENERGY PARTNERS LP | $0 | – | -719,257 | -100.0% | -0.83% | – |
WPZ | Exit | WILLIAMS PARTNERS L P NEW | $0 | – | -3,697,569 | -100.0% | -4.57% | – |
Other managers
Other managers that, in addition to the filing manager(s), that filed the EDGAR filing(s):
Original filings
The following EDGAR filing(s) were analyzed to create this report:
- View 13F-HR filed 2018-11-14
Top long-term holdings
Name | Quarters owned | Latest quarter owned | Max weighting |
---|---|---|---|
ENERGY TRANSFER LP | 42 | Q3 2023 | 9.5% |
TARGA RES CORP | 42 | Q3 2023 | 8.8% |
ENTERPRISE PRODS PARTNERS L | 42 | Q3 2023 | 8.3% |
MPLX LP | 42 | Q3 2023 | 6.7% |
ONEOK INC NEW | 42 | Q3 2023 | 7.8% |
KINDER MORGAN INC DEL | 42 | Q3 2023 | 7.0% |
PLAINS ALL AMERN PIPELINE L | 42 | Q3 2023 | 5.8% |
MARATHON PETE CORP | 42 | Q3 2023 | 3.9% |
WILLIAMS COS INC DEL | 41 | Q3 2023 | 7.1% |
MAGELLAN MIDSTREAM PRTNRS LP | 41 | Q2 2023 | 6.0% |
View CUSHING ASSET MANAGEMENT, LP dba NXG INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT's complete holdings history.
Latest significant ownerships (13-D/G)
Filed | Shares | Percentage | |
---|---|---|---|
RIO VISTA ENERGY PARTNERS LP | October 12, 2006 | 296,817 | 15.5% |
PENN OCTANE CORP | February 14, 2006 | 871,200 | 5.6% |
GENESIS ENERGY LP | June 07, 2005 | 637,500 | 6.9% |
View CUSHING ASSET MANAGEMENT, LP dba NXG INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT's complete significant-ownership history.
Latest filings
Type | Filed |
---|---|
13F-HR | 2024-04-24 |
13F-HR | 2024-01-18 |
13F-HR | 2023-10-26 |
13F-HR | 2023-08-14 |
13F-HR | 2023-05-15 |
13F-HR | 2023-02-14 |
13F-HR | 2022-11-14 |
13F-HR | 2022-08-15 |
13F-HR | 2022-05-16 |
13F-HR | 2022-02-14 |
View CUSHING ASSET MANAGEMENT, LP dba NXG INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT's complete filings history.
All filings
- Holdings (13F-HR)
- Significant ownership (13-D/G)
- Insider transactions (4, 5, 6)
- Events (8-K)
- Shareholder votes (proxy)
View complete filings history.