$798 Million is the total value of BEACH INVESTMENT COUNSEL INC/PA's 158 reported holdings in Q2 2022. The portfolio turnover from Q1 2022 to Q2 2022 was 7.9% .
| Value | Shares | ↓ Weighting | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NEP | Buy | NextEra Energy Partners | $96,475,000 | +4.6% | 1,300,906 | +17.6% | 12.08% | +96.9% |
| EPD | Buy | Enterprise Prod Partners | $57,272,000 | -5.1% | 2,350,097 | +0.5% | 7.17% | +78.7% |
| ET | Buy | Energy Transfer LP | $28,518,000 | -10.5% | 2,857,531 | +0.3% | 3.57% | +68.4% |
| UNH | Sell | UnitedHealth Group | $24,146,000 | -49.7% | 47,010 | -50.1% | 3.02% | -5.4% |
| MMP | Buy | Magellan Midstream Partners, L | $22,988,000 | -2.5% | 481,333 | +0.1% | 2.88% | +83.4% |
| AAPL | Sell | Apple Computer | $21,266,000 | -62.1% | 155,541 | -51.6% | 2.66% | -28.7% |
| MPLX | Buy | MPLX LP | $20,930,000 | -11.6% | 718,013 | +0.6% | 2.62% | +66.3% |
| JNJ | Sell | Johnson & Johnson | $20,460,000 | -50.9% | 115,261 | -51.0% | 2.56% | -7.7% |
| NEE | Sell | NextEra Energy, Inc. | $20,318,000 | -28.5% | 262,308 | -21.8% | 2.54% | +34.6% |
| HHC | Sell | Howard Hughes Corp. | $19,872,000 | -67.0% | 292,022 | -49.8% | 2.49% | -37.9% |
| NSRGY | Sell | Nestle Spons ADR | $16,401,000 | -56.0% | 140,917 | -50.9% | 2.05% | -17.3% |
| KO | Sell | Coca Cola Co. | $15,178,000 | -49.2% | 241,264 | -50.0% | 1.90% | -4.5% |
| VST | Sell | Vistra Energy Corp | $15,118,000 | -50.1% | 661,617 | -49.2% | 1.89% | -6.1% |
| CVX | Sell | Chevron | $14,426,000 | -55.4% | 99,640 | -49.8% | 1.81% | -16.1% |
| TTE | Buy | TotalEnergies SE Sponsored ADR | $12,926,000 | +19.7% | 245,556 | +14.9% | 1.62% | +125.2% |
| Sell | Shell PLC ADR | $12,887,000 | -44.0% | 246,454 | -41.1% | 1.61% | +5.4% | |
| KW | Buy | Kennedy-Wilson Holdings Inc. | $12,362,000 | -22.0% | 652,688 | +0.4% | 1.55% | +46.7% |
| MDLZ | Sell | Mondelez International Inc. | $11,949,000 | -50.1% | 192,449 | -49.6% | 1.50% | -6.1% |
| D | Sell | Dominion Energy | $10,975,000 | -36.0% | 137,511 | -31.9% | 1.38% | +20.5% |
| BAESY | Sell | BAE Systems PLC Sponsored ADR | $10,550,000 | -17.4% | 259,842 | -23.3% | 1.32% | +55.4% |
| MSFT | Sell | Microsoft | $10,035,000 | -73.3% | 39,072 | -67.9% | 1.26% | -49.7% |
| JPM | Sell | J.P. Morgan Chase | $9,966,000 | -58.7% | 88,502 | -50.0% | 1.25% | -22.3% |
| FCX | Sell | Freeport McMoran Inc. | $9,784,000 | -70.8% | 334,369 | -50.4% | 1.22% | -45.1% |
| NFG | Sell | National Fuel Gas Co. | $9,317,000 | -51.4% | 141,063 | -49.4% | 1.17% | -8.5% |
| XEL | Sell | XCEL Energy Inc. | $8,719,000 | -34.4% | 123,215 | -33.1% | 1.09% | +23.4% |
| SLB | Sell | Schlumberger | $8,091,000 | -56.6% | 226,264 | -49.8% | 1.01% | -18.3% |
| WY | Sell | Weyerhaeuser | $8,021,000 | -13.6% | 242,190 | -1.1% | 1.00% | +62.6% |
| AEE | Sell | Ameren Corp | $8,006,000 | -35.5% | 88,606 | -33.1% | 1.00% | +21.4% |
| CNP | Buy | CenterPoint Energy, Inc. | $7,557,000 | -2.4% | 255,490 | +1.1% | 0.95% | +83.7% |
| CWEN | Buy | Clearway Energy, Inc. | $7,387,000 | -4.3% | 212,035 | +0.3% | 0.92% | +80.3% |
| RTX | Sell | Raytheon Technologies | $7,294,000 | -7.2% | 75,895 | -4.4% | 0.91% | +74.8% |
| BRKB | Sell | Berkshire Hathaway B | $7,283,000 | -62.7% | 26,676 | -51.7% | 0.91% | -29.7% |
| PG | Sell | Procter & Gamble | $7,163,000 | -56.9% | 49,819 | -54.1% | 0.90% | -18.8% |
| PFE | Sell | Pfizer | $7,127,000 | -49.4% | 135,935 | -50.0% | 0.89% | -4.7% |
| TMO | Sell | Thermo Fisher Scientific | $6,552,000 | -55.5% | 12,060 | -51.6% | 0.82% | -16.1% |
| GOOGL | Sell | Alphabet, Inc. Cl A | $6,544,000 | -70.7% | 3,003 | -62.6% | 0.82% | -44.8% |
| BIP | Sell | Brookfield Infrastructure Part | $6,446,000 | -56.7% | 168,645 | -25.0% | 0.81% | -18.6% |
| MRK | Sell | Merck | $6,221,000 | -43.8% | 68,239 | -49.4% | 0.78% | +5.7% |
| NEM | Sell | Newmont Mining Corp. | $6,127,000 | -62.0% | 102,688 | -49.3% | 0.77% | -28.5% |
| EVA | Buy | Enviva Partners LP | $5,873,000 | -27.2% | 102,643 | +0.7% | 0.74% | +37.1% |
| DTE | Sell | DTE Energy | $5,716,000 | -35.9% | 45,099 | -33.1% | 0.72% | +20.7% |
| CB | Sell | Chubb Ltd. | $5,678,000 | -77.2% | 28,884 | -75.2% | 0.71% | -57.2% |
| AMZN | Buy | Amazon.com Inc. | $5,332,000 | -77.5% | 50,200 | +590.3% | 0.67% | -57.7% |
| SPY | Sell | SPDR S&P 500 ETF | $5,266,000 | -58.2% | 13,960 | -50.0% | 0.66% | -21.3% |
| VZ | Sell | Verizon Comm | $4,557,000 | -0.5% | 89,792 | -0.2% | 0.57% | +87.2% |
| RHHBY | Sell | Roche Holding AG | $4,530,000 | -58.6% | 108,600 | -50.9% | 0.57% | -22.0% |
| BX | Sell | Blackstone Inc. | $4,485,000 | -64.2% | 49,160 | -50.1% | 0.56% | -32.5% |
| NVS | Sell | Novartis | $4,359,000 | -54.8% | 51,569 | -53.1% | 0.55% | -15.0% |
| PEP | Sell | Pepsico | $4,361,000 | -56.6% | 26,165 | -56.4% | 0.55% | -18.3% |
| CCK | Sell | Crown Holdings Inc . | $4,280,000 | -82.4% | 46,434 | -76.2% | 0.54% | -67.0% |
| PEAK | Healthpeak Properties | $4,207,000 | -24.5% | 162,360 | 0.0% | 0.53% | +42.0% | |
| BUD | Sell | Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV | $4,097,000 | -55.5% | 76,271 | -50.0% | 0.51% | -16.3% |
| V | Sell | Visa | $3,928,000 | -57.8% | 19,952 | -52.5% | 0.49% | -20.6% |
| NGG | National Grid | $3,867,000 | -15.8% | 59,780 | 0.0% | 0.48% | +58.2% | |
| KKR | Sell | KKR & Co. Inc. | $3,754,000 | -60.4% | 81,100 | -50.0% | 0.47% | -25.5% |
| ADP | Sell | Automatic Data Processing | $3,531,000 | -56.9% | 16,813 | -53.3% | 0.44% | -19.0% |
| EMR | Sell | Emerson Electric Co. | $3,529,000 | -59.3% | 44,366 | -49.8% | 0.44% | -23.4% |
| CVS | Sell | CVS Health Corp | $3,325,000 | -53.7% | 35,882 | -49.4% | 0.42% | -13.0% |
| SIVB | Sell | SVB Financial Group | $3,296,000 | -64.8% | 8,345 | -50.2% | 0.41% | -33.8% |
| MDT | Sell | Medtronic | $3,278,000 | -75.2% | 36,522 | -69.3% | 0.41% | -53.2% |
| FFIC | Sell | Flushing Financial | $3,272,000 | -52.4% | 153,900 | -50.0% | 0.41% | -10.5% |
| UL | Sell | Unilever PLC | $3,182,000 | -49.4% | 69,430 | -49.7% | 0.40% | -4.5% |
| GOOG | Sell | Alphabet, Inc. Cl C | $3,132,000 | -60.7% | 1,432 | -49.8% | 0.39% | -26.2% |
| SYY | Sell | Sysco | $3,120,000 | -48.1% | 36,834 | -50.0% | 0.39% | -2.2% |
| UNP | Sell | Union Pacific | $3,015,000 | -61.0% | 14,136 | -50.0% | 0.38% | -26.5% |
| DIS | Sell | Walt Disney | $2,912,000 | -65.6% | 30,850 | -50.0% | 0.36% | -35.2% |
| BAC | Sell | Bank of America | $2,858,000 | -73.6% | 91,809 | -65.0% | 0.36% | -50.3% |
| SIEGY | Sell | Siemens AG ADR | $2,824,000 | -68.4% | 55,284 | -57.3% | 0.35% | -40.5% |
| COST | Sell | Costco Wholesale | $2,811,000 | -58.4% | 5,866 | -50.0% | 0.35% | -21.8% |
| SYK | Sell | Stryker Corp | $2,758,000 | -62.8% | 13,862 | -50.0% | 0.34% | -30.0% |
| C | Sell | Citigroup | $2,670,000 | -56.9% | 58,062 | -50.0% | 0.33% | -19.1% |
| TFC | Sell | Truist Financial Corporation | $2,367,000 | -78.3% | 49,911 | -74.1% | 0.30% | -59.3% |
| FDX | Sell | Fedex | $2,309,000 | -51.0% | 10,183 | -50.0% | 0.29% | -8.0% |
| CSCO | Sell | Cisco Systems | $2,279,000 | -61.8% | 53,459 | -50.0% | 0.28% | -28.2% |
| PNC | Sell | PNC Bank Corp. | $2,175,000 | -57.2% | 13,789 | -50.0% | 0.27% | -19.5% |
| WMB | Williams Companies Inc | $1,986,000 | -6.6% | 63,646 | 0.0% | 0.25% | +76.6% | |
| MMM | Sell | 3M Company | $1,579,000 | -56.5% | 12,202 | -50.0% | 0.20% | -18.2% |
| DTEGY | Buy | Deutsche Telekom AG ADR | $1,476,000 | +11.9% | 74,110 | +4.6% | 0.18% | +110.2% |
| SIMO | Sell | Silicon Motion Technologies Co | $1,471,000 | -34.0% | 17,576 | -47.3% | 0.18% | +24.3% |
| TRTN | Sell | Triton International Ltd. | $1,434,000 | -76.6% | 27,234 | -68.8% | 0.18% | -55.9% |
| PLD | ProLogis Tr SBI | $1,427,000 | -27.1% | 12,125 | 0.0% | 0.18% | +37.7% | |
| VEOEY | Sell | Veolia Environnement ADR | $1,419,000 | -61.8% | 57,938 | -50.2% | 0.18% | -27.9% |
| CDNS | Sell | Cadence Design | $1,384,000 | -54.4% | 9,224 | -50.0% | 0.17% | -14.4% |
| XRAY | Sell | Dentsply Sirona | $1,352,000 | -63.7% | 37,850 | -50.0% | 0.17% | -31.9% |
| LLY | Sell | Eli Lilly | $1,352,000 | -43.4% | 4,170 | -50.0% | 0.17% | +6.3% |
| BRKA | Sell | Berkshire Hathaway A | $1,227,000 | -61.3% | 3 | -50.0% | 0.15% | -27.0% |
| FMX | Sell | Fomento Economico Mexicano SA | $1,171,000 | -59.3% | 17,350 | -50.0% | 0.15% | -23.0% |
| New | Warner Bros. Discovery A | $1,172,000 | – | 87,314 | +100.0% | 0.15% | – | |
| BDX | Sell | Becton Dickinson | $1,164,000 | -67.2% | 4,720 | -64.6% | 0.15% | -38.1% |
| EONGY | E.ON SE ADR | $1,164,000 | -27.7% | 138,950 | 0.0% | 0.15% | +36.4% | |
| T | Buy | AT&T | $1,160,000 | -7.3% | 55,342 | +4.5% | 0.14% | +74.7% |
| EL | Sell | Estee Lauder | $1,152,000 | -53.2% | 4,525 | -50.0% | 0.14% | -12.2% |
| AXP | Sell | American Express | $1,072,000 | -62.9% | 7,733 | -50.0% | 0.13% | -30.2% |
| IBDRY | Iberdrola SA ADR | $1,069,000 | -5.2% | 25,830 | 0.0% | 0.13% | +78.7% | |
| XOM | Sell | Exxon Mobil | $1,024,000 | -48.1% | 11,955 | -50.0% | 0.13% | -2.3% |
| KMB | Sell | Kimberly Clark | $913,000 | -45.1% | 6,759 | -50.0% | 0.11% | +2.7% |
| KMI | Kinder Morgan Inc. | $903,000 | -11.4% | 53,871 | 0.0% | 0.11% | +66.2% | |
| BIPC | Sell | Brookfield Infrastructure Clas | $864,000 | -57.7% | 20,325 | -25.0% | 0.11% | -20.6% |
| FB | Sell | Meta Platforms, Inc. | $837,000 | -63.7% | 5,190 | -50.0% | 0.10% | -31.8% |
| GPC | Sell | Genuine Parts | $822,000 | -47.2% | 6,177 | -50.0% | 0.10% | -1.0% |
| DE | Sell | Deere & Co. | $804,000 | -67.6% | 2,684 | -55.0% | 0.10% | -38.8% |
| IYW | Sell | iShares US Technology | $784,000 | -61.2% | 9,800 | -50.0% | 0.10% | -26.9% |
| CCS | Sell | Century Communities, Inc. | $744,000 | -58.1% | 16,555 | -50.0% | 0.09% | -21.2% |
| IBM | Sell | IBM | $692,000 | -45.7% | 4,903 | -50.0% | 0.09% | +2.4% |
| AB | Sell | AllianceBernstein Holdings, LP | $696,000 | -22.8% | 16,740 | -12.8% | 0.09% | +45.0% |
| DPSGY | Sell | Deutsche Post AG ADR | $658,000 | -60.7% | 17,525 | -50.0% | 0.08% | -26.8% |
| LIN | Sell | Linde PLC | $647,000 | -55.0% | 2,250 | -50.0% | 0.08% | -15.6% |
| TMUS | Sell | T-Mobile US, Inc. | $633,000 | -47.6% | 4,705 | -50.0% | 0.08% | -1.2% |
| AIG | Sell | American Intl. Group | $611,000 | -59.3% | 11,948 | -50.0% | 0.08% | -23.0% |
| VIAC | Sell | Paramount Global B | $598,000 | -67.3% | 24,213 | -50.0% | 0.08% | -38.5% |
| ABT | Sell | Abbott Laboratories | $540,000 | -94.8% | 4,968 | -94.3% | 0.07% | -90.1% |
| SPGI | Sell | S&P Global Inc. | $539,000 | -58.9% | 1,600 | -50.0% | 0.07% | -21.8% |
| CL | Sell | Colgate Palmolive | $537,000 | -61.5% | 6,697 | -63.6% | 0.07% | -28.0% |
| LDOS | Sell | Leidos Holdings Inc. | $526,000 | -53.4% | 5,220 | -50.0% | 0.07% | -12.0% |
| WFC | Sell | Wells Fargo | $519,000 | -59.6% | 13,239 | -50.0% | 0.06% | -23.5% |
| SCHW | Sell | Charles Schwab | $495,000 | -57.6% | 7,840 | -43.4% | 0.06% | -20.5% |
| CMCSA | Sell | Comcast Cl A | $499,000 | -48.6% | 12,717 | -38.6% | 0.06% | -4.6% |
| MET | Sell | MetLife | $490,000 | -55.3% | 7,800 | -50.0% | 0.06% | -16.4% |
| NOC | Sell | Northrup Grumman | $479,000 | -46.4% | 1,000 | -50.0% | 0.06% | +1.7% |
| ORCL | Sell | Oracle | $468,000 | -57.8% | 6,700 | -50.0% | 0.06% | -20.3% |
| GWW | Sell | W. W. Grainger | $470,000 | -55.9% | 1,034 | -50.0% | 0.06% | -16.9% |
| SSREY | Sell | Swiss Re ADR | $466,000 | -57.5% | 24,090 | -48.0% | 0.06% | -20.5% |
| CCI | Sell | Crown Castle Intl. | $450,000 | -54.5% | 2,675 | -50.0% | 0.06% | -15.2% |
| ITW | Sell | Illinois Tool Works | $426,000 | -56.5% | 2,339 | -50.0% | 0.05% | -18.5% |
| INTC | Sell | Intel Corp. | $412,000 | -62.2% | 11,004 | -50.0% | 0.05% | -28.8% |
| MCD | Sell | McDonald's Corp. | $404,000 | -50.0% | 1,635 | -50.0% | 0.05% | -5.6% |
| IWF | Sell | iShares Russell 1000 Growth ET | $407,000 | -60.6% | 1,862 | -50.0% | 0.05% | -26.1% |
| STT | Sell | State Street Corp | $389,000 | -64.6% | 6,314 | -50.0% | 0.05% | -32.9% |
| CAT | Sell | Caterpillar | $369,000 | -59.9% | 2,066 | -50.0% | 0.05% | -24.6% |
| TRI | Sell | Thomson Reuters Corp. | $350,000 | -52.1% | 3,354 | -50.0% | 0.04% | -10.2% |
| APD | Sell | Air Products | $339,000 | -52.0% | 1,411 | -50.0% | 0.04% | -10.6% |
| DXGE | Sell | WisdomTree Germany Hedged Equi | $314,000 | -55.8% | 10,500 | -50.0% | 0.04% | -17.0% |
| IWV | Sell | iShares Russell 3000 ETF | $304,000 | -58.6% | 1,397 | -50.0% | 0.04% | -22.4% |
| MDY | Sell | SPDR S&P Midcap 400 EFT | $294,000 | -57.8% | 710 | -50.0% | 0.04% | -19.6% |
| UBS | Sell | UBS Group AG | $286,000 | -58.6% | 17,650 | -50.0% | 0.04% | -21.7% |
| Sell | General Electric | $287,000 | -65.3% | 4,512 | -50.0% | 0.04% | -34.5% | |
| BWEL | Sell | Boswell J G Co. | $279,000 | -55.0% | 300 | -50.0% | 0.04% | -14.6% |
| IWN | Sell | iShares Russell 2000 Value ETF | $283,000 | -57.9% | 2,080 | -50.0% | 0.04% | -22.2% |
| LSXMK | Sell | Liberty SiriusXM Series C | $270,000 | -60.5% | 7,480 | -50.0% | 0.03% | -26.1% |
| NWYF | Sell | Northway Financial | $252,000 | -58.3% | 8,377 | -50.0% | 0.03% | -20.0% |
| TSLA | Sell | Tesla, Inc. | $257,000 | -81.9% | 381 | -71.0% | 0.03% | -66.0% |
| SONY | Sell | Sony Corp. | $247,000 | -60.3% | 3,025 | -50.0% | 0.03% | -24.4% |
| BA | Sell | Boeing Company | $245,000 | -64.3% | 1,789 | -50.0% | 0.03% | -32.6% |
| STAG | STAG Industrial | $239,000 | -25.1% | 7,725 | 0.0% | 0.03% | +42.9% | |
| GLW | Sell | Corning | $243,000 | -57.2% | 7,700 | -50.0% | 0.03% | -21.1% |
| ENB | Enbridge Inc. | $234,000 | -8.2% | 5,529 | 0.0% | 0.03% | +70.6% | |
| BEP | Sell | Brookfield Renewable Partners | $224,000 | -57.7% | 6,450 | -50.0% | 0.03% | -20.0% |
| PAGP | Buy | Plains GP Holdings LP | $226,000 | +17.7% | 21,902 | +32.0% | 0.03% | +115.4% |
| GM | Sell | General Motors | $222,000 | -63.7% | 7,000 | -50.0% | 0.03% | -31.7% |
| HD | Sell | Home Depot | $213,000 | -54.1% | 775 | -50.0% | 0.03% | -12.9% |
| PRU | Sell | Prudential Financial Inc | $210,000 | -59.6% | 2,200 | -50.0% | 0.03% | -25.7% |
| PSX | Sell | Phillips 66 | $202,000 | -52.6% | 2,460 | -50.0% | 0.02% | -10.7% |
| CTT | CatchMark Timber Trust | $176,000 | +23.1% | 17,500 | 0.0% | 0.02% | +120.0% | |
| VTRS | Sell | Viatris | $154,000 | -51.9% | 14,695 | -50.0% | 0.02% | -9.5% |
| AUY | New | Yuman Gold Inc | $65,000 | – | 13,900 | +100.0% | 0.01% | – |
| BTG | New | B2Gold Corp | $54,000 | – | 16,000 | +100.0% | 0.01% | – |
| ENLAY | Enel S.p.A. ADR | $56,000 | -17.6% | 10,200 | 0.0% | 0.01% | +40.0% | |
| JUST | Exit | Goldman Sachs JUST | $0 | – | -6,200 | -100.0% | -0.03% | – |
| IWD | Exit | iShares Russell 1000 Value ETF | $0 | – | -2,446 | -100.0% | -0.03% | – |
| WMT | Exit | Wal-Mart Stores | $0 | – | -2,906 | -100.0% | -0.03% | – |
| DISCA | Exit | Discovery Inc. A | $0 | – | -17,514 | -100.0% | -0.03% | – |
| LBRDK | Exit | Liberty Broadband C | $0 | – | -3,278 | -100.0% | -0.03% | – |
| ACN | Exit | Accenture PLC | $0 | – | -1,400 | -100.0% | -0.03% | – |
| ABB | Exit | ABB Ltd. | $0 | – | -15,000 | -100.0% | -0.03% | – |
| CMRE | Exit | Costamare Inc. | $0 | – | -192,750 | -100.0% | -0.22% | – |
| DISCK | Exit | Discovery Inc. C | $0 | – | -131,540 | -100.0% | -0.22% | – |
| CNC | Exit | Centene Corp | $0 | – | -83,524 | -100.0% | -0.47% | – |
Original filings
The following EDGAR filing(s) were analyzed to create this report:
- View 13F-HR filed 2022-08-22
Top long-term holdings
| Name | Quarters owned | Latest quarter owned | Max weighting |
|---|---|---|---|
| Johnson & Johnson | 44 | Q4 2023 | 5.2% |
| J.P. Morgan Chase | 44 | Q4 2023 | 5.7% |
| Nestle Spons ADR | 44 | Q4 2023 | 4.8% |
| Apple Computer | 44 | Q4 2023 | 5.9% |
| Microsoft | 44 | Q4 2023 | 3.5% |
| Citigroup | 44 | Q4 2023 | 4.8% |
| Thermo Fisher Scientific | 44 | Q4 2023 | 2.8% |
| American Intl. Group | 44 | Q4 2023 | 4.5% |
| Abbott Laboratories | 44 | Q4 2023 | 2.3% |
| Procter & Gamble | 44 | Q4 2023 | 1.2% |
View BEACH INVESTMENT COUNSEL INC/PA's complete holdings history.
Latest filings
| Type | Filed |
|---|---|
| 13F-HR | 2024-04-15 |
| 13F-HR | 2024-01-05 |
| 13F-HR | 2023-10-24 |
| 13F-HR | 2023-07-20 |
| 13F-HR | 2023-04-21 |
| 13F-HR | 2023-02-16 |
| 13F-HR | 2022-10-26 |
| 13F-HR | 2022-08-22 |
| 13F-HR/A | 2022-05-05 |
| 13F-HR | 2022-04-28 |
View BEACH INVESTMENT COUNSEL INC/PA's complete filings history.
All filings
- Holdings (13F-HR)
- Significant ownership (13-D/G)
- Insider transactions (4, 5, 6)
- Events (8-K)
- Shareholder votes (proxy)
View complete filings history.