$291 Billion is the total value of Invesco Ltd.'s 12980 reported holdings in Q3 2016. The portfolio turnover from Q2 2016 to Q3 2016 was 100.0% .
Value | Shares | ↓ Weighting | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MKTO | Exit | MARKETO INC | $0 | – | -29,404 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
IBA | Exit | INDUSTRIAS BACHOCO S A B DEspon adr b | $0 | – | -4,218 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
FUR | Exit | WINTHROP RLTY TRsh ben int new | $0 | – | -42,549 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
ENLC | Exit | ENLINK MIDSTREAM LLC | $0 | – | -16,332 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
MFRM | Exit | MATTRESS FIRM HLDG CORP | $0 | – | -39,303 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
KRNY | Exit | KEARNY FINL CORP MD | $0 | – | -48,849 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
FIT | Exit | FITBIT INCcl a | $0 | – | -42,938 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
EJ | Exit | E HOUSE CHINA HLDGS LTDadr | $0 | – | -181,450 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
NSTG | Exit | NANOSTRING TECHNOLOGIES INC | $0 | – | -37,118 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
CEQP | Exit | CRESTWOOD EQUITY PARTNERS LPunit ltd partner | $0 | – | -11,269 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
CHKE | Exit | CHEROKEE INC DEL NEW | $0 | – | -45,582 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
SQI | Exit | SCIQUEST INC NEW | $0 | – | -29,010 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
TRXC | Exit | TRANSENTERIX INC | $0 | – | -360,257 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
KEGXQ | Exit | KEY ENERGY SVCS INC | $0 | – | -1,249,646 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
IMPR | Exit | IMPRIVATA INC | $0 | – | -11,939 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
PGNX | Exit | PROGENICS PHARMACEUTICALS IN | $0 | – | -100,059 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
MESG | Exit | XURA INC | $0 | – | -14,967 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
DEX | Exit | DELAWARE ENHANCED GBL DIV & | $0 | – | -19,691 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
SCNB | Exit | SUFFOLK BANCORP | $0 | – | -38,212 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
HTWR | Exit | HEARTWARE INTL INC | $0 | – | -7,987 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
AYA | Exit | AMAYA INC | $0 | – | -10,755 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
NXRT | Exit | NEXPOINT RESIDENTIAL TR INC | $0 | – | -14,134 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
GBNK | Exit | GUARANTY BANCORP DEL | $0 | – | -63,850 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
SREV | Exit | SERVICESOURCE INTL INC | $0 | – | -13,224 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
CJESQ | Exit | C&J ENERGY SVCS LTD | $0 | – | -632,012 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
GOGL | Exit | GOLDEN OCEAN GROUP LTD | $0 | – | -409,008 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
ZTR | Exit | ZWEIG TOTAL RETURN FD INC | $0 | – | -63,918 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
PFNX | Exit | PFENEX INC | $0 | – | -91,561 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
EOCCY | Exit | EMPRESA NACIONAL DE ELCTRCIDsponsored adr | $0 | – | -7,915 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
PFSW | Exit | PFSWEB INC | $0 | – | -86,054 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
ELRC | Exit | ELECTRO RENT CORP | $0 | – | -32,196 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
NTK | Exit | NORTEK INC | $0 | – | -22,753 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
OMER | Exit | OMEROS CORP | $0 | – | -80,525 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
MRD | Exit | MEMORIAL RESOURCE DEV CORP | $0 | – | -43,188 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
IOC | Exit | INTEROIL CORP | $0 | – | -25,505 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
EFOI | Exit | ENERGY FOCUS INC | $0 | – | -79,146 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
VNM | Exit | VANECK VECTORS ETF TRvietnam etf | $0 | – | -26,100 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
FMER | Exit | FIRSTMERIT CORP | $0 | – | -50,799 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
RDEN | Exit | ELIZABETH ARDEN INC | $0 | – | -95,213 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
PLPM | Exit | PLANET PAYMENT INC | $0 | – | -69,377 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
IGSB | Exit | ISHARES TR1-3 yr cr bd etf | $0 | – | -2,645 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
SZMK | Exit | SIZMEK INC | $0 | – | -71,404 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
TAL | Exit | TAL INTL GROUP INC | $0 | – | -53,129 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
NRE | Exit | NORTHSTAR REALTY EUROPE CORP | $0 | – | -17,720 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
INF | Exit | BROOKFIELD GLOBL LISTED INFR | $0 | – | -18,963 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
XNPT | Exit | XENOPORT INC | $0 | – | -19,652 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
DRYS | Exit | DRYSHIPS INC | $0 | – | -126,993 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
PFF | Exit | ISHARES TRu.s. pfd stk etf | $0 | – | -6,668 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
HQL | Exit | TEKLA LIFE SCIENCES INVSsh ben int | $0 | – | -10,629 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
NHF | Exit | NEXPOINT CR STRATEGIES FD | $0 | – | -10,470 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
RIGL | Exit | RIGEL PHARMACEUTICALS INC | $0 | – | -36,411 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
UNTD | Exit | UNITED ONLINE INC | $0 | – | -91,933 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
OLLI | Exit | OLLIES BARGAIN OUTLT HLDGS I | $0 | – | -46,254 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
GTTN | Exit | GTT COMMUNICATIONS INC | $0 | – | -39,303 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
MFLX | Exit | MULTI FINELINE ELECTRONIX IN | $0 | – | -21,302 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
ONE | Exit | HIGHER ONE HLDGS INC | $0 | – | -43,138 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
FCS | Exit | FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR INTL | $0 | – | -27,614 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
GDF | Exit | WESTERN ASSET GLB PTNRS INCO | $0 | – | -130,479 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
ASEI | Exit | AMERICAN SCIENCE & ENGR INC | $0 | – | -31,090 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
ACLS | Exit | AXCELIS TECHNOLOGIES INC | $0 | – | -102,136 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
CUTR | Exit | CUTERA INC | $0 | – | -10,724 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
KOF | Exit | COCA COLA FEMSA S A B DE C Vspon adr rep l | $0 | – | -7,540 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
QIHU | Exit | QIHOO 360 TECHNOLOGY CO LTDads | $0 | – | -16,283 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
ADRO | Exit | ADURO BIOTECH INC | $0 | – | -50,636 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
DEG | Exit | DELHAIZE GROUPsponsored adr | $0 | – | -8,905 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
JRJC | Exit | CHINA FIN ONLINE CO LTDsponsored adr | $0 | – | -42,526 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
AP | Exit | AMPCO-PITTSBURGH CORP | $0 | – | -10,004 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
HQH | Exit | TEKLA HEALTHCARE INVSsh ben int | $0 | – | -8,993 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
OVAS | Exit | OVASCIENCE INC | $0 | – | -184,449 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
ETM | Exit | ENTERCOM COMMUNICATIONS CORPcl a | $0 | – | -13,110 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
HIMX | Exit | HIMAX TECHNOLOGIES INCsponsored adr | $0 | – | -18,127 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
STRP | Exit | STRAIGHT PATH COMMUNICATNS Icl b | $0 | – | -43,882 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
CRK | Exit | COMSTOCK RES INC | $0 | – | -866,598 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
REXI | Exit | RESOURCE AMERICA INCcl a | $0 | – | -31,572 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
ESINQ | Exit | ITT EDUCATIONAL SERVICES INC | $0 | – | -126,419 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
RSE | Exit | ROUSE PPTYS INC | $0 | – | -25,500 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
OHRP | Exit | OHR PHARMACEUTICAL INC | $0 | – | -15,748 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
IAE | Exit | VOYA ASIA PAC DIVID EQUITY I | $0 | – | -131,525 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
TIVO | Exit | TIVO INC | $0 | – | -64,920 | -100.0% | 0.00% | – |
RUBI | Exit | RUBICON PROJ INC | $0 | – | -194,995 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
DWA | Exit | DREAMWORKS ANIMATION SKG INCcl a | $0 | – | -37,773 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
PARR | Exit | PAR PACIFIC HOLDINGS INC | $0 | – | -119,483 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
RBSPRRCL | Exit | ROYAL BK SCOTLAND GROUP PLC | $0 | – | -146,442 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
LILAK | Exit | LIBERTY GLOBAL PLC | $0 | – | -82,377 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
Exit | MEDICINES COnote 2.500% 1/1 | $0 | – | -2,000,000 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – | |
Exit | SEACOR HOLDINGS INCnote 2.500%12/1 | $0 | – | -1,750,000 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – | |
TSLX | Exit | TPG SPECIALTY LENDING INC | $0 | – | -135,036 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
FUN | Exit | CEDAR FAIR L Pdepositry unit | $0 | – | -57,742 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
EC | Exit | ECOPETROL S Asponsored ads | $0 | – | -176,600 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
AXLL | Exit | AXIALL CORP | $0 | – | -82,562 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
WIBC | Exit | WILSHIRE BANCORP INC | $0 | – | -135,185 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
DYNPRA | Exit | DYNEGY INC NEW DELpfd conv ser a | $0 | – | -62,000 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
DWRE | Exit | DEMANDWARE INC | $0 | – | -27,479 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
TUMI | Exit | TUMI HLDGS INC | $0 | – | -81,047 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
MHY | Exit | WESTERN ASSET MGD HI INCM FD | $0 | – | -526,506 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
Exit | CHESAPEAKE ENERGY CORPnote 2.500% 5/1 | $0 | – | -5,000,000 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – | |
SGNT | Exit | SAGENT PHARMACEUTICALS INC | $0 | – | -108,456 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
FEIC | Exit | FEI CO | $0 | – | -21,153 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
TRU | Exit | TRANSUNION | $0 | – | -41,378 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
CSH | Exit | CASH AMER INTL INC | $0 | – | -79,034 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
RIGP | Exit | TRANSOCEAN PARTNERS LLC | $0 | – | -125,100 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
DRII | Exit | DIAMOND RESORTS INTL INC | $0 | – | -84,259 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
Exit | WESCO INTL INCdbcv 6.000% 9/1 | $0 | – | -2,250,000 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – | |
SITE | Exit | SITEONE LANDSCAPE SUPPLY INC | $0 | – | -100,159 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
ARMH | Exit | ARM HLDGS PLCsponsored adr | $0 | – | -59,170 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
BGH | Exit | BABSON CAP GLB SHT DURHGH YL | $0 | – | -209,560 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
BSM | Exit | BLACK STONE MINERALS L P | $0 | – | -119,136 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
BBCN | Exit | BBCN BANCORP INC | $0 | – | -160,665 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
STR | Exit | QUESTAR CORP | $0 | – | -94,362 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
FNFG | Exit | FIRST NIAGARA FINL GP INC | $0 | – | -142,522 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
FCFS | Exit | FIRST CASH FINL SVCS INC | $0 | – | -63,798 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
GB | Exit | GREATBATCH INC | $0 | – | -86,739 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
SFUN | Exit | SOUFUN HLDGS LTDadr | $0 | – | -586,730 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
Exit | COWEN GROUP INC NEWnote 3.000% 3/1 | $0 | – | -5,000,000 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – | |
Exit | BOTTOMLINE TECH DEL INCnote 1.500%12/0 | $0 | – | -4,500,000 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – | |
Exit | STARWOOD PPTY TR INCnote 3.750%10/1 | $0 | – | -6,000,000 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – | |
AAPRB | Exit | ALCOA INC | $0 | – | -170,000 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
YPF | Exit | YPF SOCIEDAD ANONIMAspon adr cl d | $0 | – | -256,575 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
BATS | Exit | BATS GLOBAL MKTS INC | $0 | – | -170,900 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
HTS | Exit | HATTERAS FINL CORP | $0 | – | -265,608 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
SGYPQ | Exit | SYNERGY PHARMACEUTICALS DEL | $0 | – | -1,671,246 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
Exit | AK STL CORPnote 5.000%11/1 | $0 | – | -5,000,000 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – | |
DYNC | Exit | DYNEGY INC NEW DELunit 07/01/20191 | $0 | – | -51,000 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
OUTR | Exit | OUTERWALL INC | $0 | – | -130,451 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
TLMR | Exit | TALMER BANCORP INC | $0 | – | -344,086 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
ARIA | Exit | ARIAD PHARMACEUTICALS INC | $0 | – | -857,630 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
EXAM | Exit | EXAMWORKS GROUP INC | $0 | – | -127,286 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
PLCM | Exit | POLYCOM INC | $0 | – | -510,609 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
MRKT | Exit | MARKIT LTD | $0 | – | -243,564 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
NQS | Exit | NUVEEN SELECT QUALITY MUN FD | $0 | – | -444,003 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
NPM | Exit | NUVEEN PREM INCOME MUN FD 2 | $0 | – | -451,183 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
CATM | Exit | CARDTRONICS INC | $0 | – | -194,573 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
NMO | Exit | NUVEEN MUN MKT OPPORTUNITY F | $0 | – | -468,352 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
AMTG | Exit | APOLLO RESIDENTIAL MTG INC | $0 | – | -669,812 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
WPG | Exit | WP GLIMCHER IN | $0 | – | -831,112 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
QLGC | Exit | QLOGIC CORP | $0 | – | -471,653 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
Exit | EXELIXIS INCnote 4.250% 8/1 | $0 | – | -6,000,000 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – | |
WYPRA | Exit | WEYERHAEUSER COpref conv ser a | $0 | – | -157,700 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
Exit | PALO ALTO NETWORKS INCnote 7/0 | $0 | – | -6,500,000 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – | |
KKD | Exit | KRISPY KREME DOUGHNUTS INC | $0 | – | -553,530 | -100.0% | -0.00% | – |
CPGX | Exit | COLUMBIA PIPELINE GROUP INC | $0 | – | -514,114 | -100.0% | -0.01% | – |
IHS | Exit | IHS INCcl a | $0 | – | -117,689 | -100.0% | -0.01% | – |
Exit | CEPHEIDdbcv 1.250% 2/0 | $0 | – | -16,070,000 | -100.0% | -0.01% | – | |
AMSGP | Exit | AMSURG CORPpfd cnv sr a-1 % | $0 | – | -87,496 | -100.0% | -0.01% | – |
ASH | Exit | ASHLAND INC NEW | $0 | – | -109,571 | -100.0% | -0.01% | – |
DANG | Exit | E-COMMERCE CHINA DANGDANG IN | $0 | – | -2,635,660 | -100.0% | -0.01% | – |
Exit | INTEGRATED DEVICE TECHNOLOGYnote 0.875%11/1 | $0 | – | -20,500,000 | -100.0% | -0.01% | – | |
BCSPRCL | Exit | BARCLAYS BK PLCadr 2 pref 2 | $0 | – | -744,820 | -100.0% | -0.01% | – |
Exit | LINKEDIN CORPnote 0.500%11/0 | $0 | – | -21,275,000 | -100.0% | -0.01% | – | |
HTZ | Exit | HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS INC | $0 | – | -2,314,164 | -100.0% | -0.01% | – |
HOT | Exit | STARWOOD HOTELS&RESORTS WRLD | $0 | – | -357,920 | -100.0% | -0.01% | – |
Exit | LIBERTY INTERACTIVE LLCdeb 0.750% 3/3 | $0 | – | -25,449,000 | -100.0% | -0.01% | – | |
TE | Exit | TECO ENERGY INC | $0 | – | -1,074,288 | -100.0% | -0.01% | – |
QLIK | Exit | QLIK TECHNOLOGIES INC | $0 | – | -1,352,577 | -100.0% | -0.02% | – |
ROVI | Exit | ROVI CORP | $0 | – | -3,431,066 | -100.0% | -0.02% | – |
SSS | Exit | SOVRAN SELF STORAGE INC | $0 | – | -522,208 | -100.0% | -0.02% | – |
EMC | Exit | E M C CORP MASS | $0 | – | -2,331,420 | -100.0% | -0.02% | – |
RBSPRTCL | Exit | ROYAL BK SCOTLAND GROUP PLCsp adr pref t | $0 | – | -2,469,270 | -100.0% | -0.02% | – |
XL | Exit | XL GROUP PLC | $0 | – | -2,692,781 | -100.0% | -0.03% | – |
MDVN | Exit | MEDIVATION INC | $0 | – | -2,064,463 | -100.0% | -0.05% | – |
GAS | Exit | AGL RES INC | $0 | – | -2,352,064 | -100.0% | -0.06% | – |
TYC | Exit | TYCO INTL PLC | $0 | – | -6,895,545 | -100.0% | -0.11% | – |
Exit | HSBC HLDGS PLCnote 6.875%12/2 | $0 | – | -4,500,000 | -100.0% | -0.16% | – | |
JCI | Exit | JOHNSON CTLS INC | $0 | – | -14,528,659 | -100.0% | -0.24% | – |
Other managers
Other managers that, in addition to the filing manager(s), that filed the EDGAR filing(s):
- Invesco Advisers, Inc. #1
- Invesco Canada Ltd #2
- Invesco Trust Company #3
- Invesco Hong Kong Limited #4
- Invesco Asset Management Deutschland GmbH #5
- Invesco Asset Management Limited - England #6
- Invesco Asset Management, S.A. - France #7
- Invesco Asset Management Osterreich GmbH #8
- Invesco Management S.A. #9
- Invesco Asset Management Japan Limited #11
- Invesco Global Asset Management Ltd. #12
- Invesco Australia Ltd. #13
- Invesco Investment Advisers, LLC #14
- Invesco PowerShares Capital Management LLC #15
Original filings
The following EDGAR filing(s) were analyzed to create this report:
- View 13F-HR filed 2016-11-14
Top long-term holdings
Name | Quarters owned | Latest quarter owned | Max weighting |
---|---|---|---|
MICROSOFT CORP | 42 | Q3 2023 | 3.4% |
APPLE INC | 42 | Q3 2023 | 3.4% |
AMAZON.COM INC | 42 | Q3 2023 | 3.4% |
META PLATFORMS INC | 42 | Q3 2023 | 1.8% |
CISCO SYSTEMS INC | 42 | Q3 2023 | 1.2% |
JPMORGAN CHASE & CO | 42 | Q3 2023 | 1.0% |
CITIGROUP INC COM | 42 | Q3 2023 | 1.2% |
COMCAST CORP NEW | 42 | Q3 2023 | 1.0% |
INTEL CORP | 42 | Q3 2023 | 1.1% |
BK OF AMERICA CORP | 42 | Q3 2023 | 0.9% |
View Invesco Ltd.'s complete holdings history.
Latest significant ownerships (13-D/G)
Filed | Shares | Percentage | |
---|---|---|---|
NEKTAR THERAPEUTICS | July 10, 2023 | 5,535,430 | 2.9% |
Invesco Exchange-Traded Self-Indexed Fund Trust | June 12, 2023 | 18,437,869 | 22.7% |
Invesco Exchange-Traded Fund Trust II | April 10, 2023 | 46,175 | 0.4% |
Invesco Exchange-Traded Fund Trust II | April 10, 2023 | 5,091,572 | 14.3% |
Invesco Exchange-Traded Fund Trust II | April 10, 2023 | 2,359,606 | 7.2% |
Invesco Exchange-Traded Fund Trust II | April 10, 2023 | 10,506,836 | 29.8% |
BeiGene, Ltd. | February 10, 2023 | 35,678,240 | 2.6% |
Burford Capital Ltd | February 10, 2023 | 10,308,851 | 4.7% |
HIVE Blockchain Technologies Ltd. | February 10, 2023 | 4,187,499 | 5.0% |
Invesco Exchange-Traded Fund Trust II | February 10, 2023 | 1,290,352 | 6.9% |
View Invesco Ltd.'s complete significant-ownership history.
Latest filings
Type | Filed |
---|---|
SC 13D | 2024-06-14 |
8-K | 2024-06-11 |
SC 13G/A | 2024-06-07 |
SC 13G/A | 2024-06-07 |
4 | 2024-06-04 |
8-K | 2024-05-28 |
4 | 2024-05-17 |
4 | 2024-05-17 |
4 | 2024-05-17 |
4 | 2024-05-17 |
View Invesco Ltd.'s complete filings history.
All filings
- Holdings (13F-HR)
- Significant ownership (13-D/G)
- Insider transactions (4, 5, 6)
- Annual reports (20-F)
- Quarterly reports (6-K)
- Events (8-K)
- Shareholder votes (proxy)
View complete filings history.